A vector database is a database optimized for storing and querying high-dimensional vector representations of data (embeddings), enabling fast similarity search across millions to billions of vectors.

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique that combines LLMs with information retrieval systems—typically vector databases—to produce outputs grounded in specific documents or data sources, reducing hallucinations and enabling use of private or up-to-date information.

Generative AI is the class of AI systems that produce new content—text, images, audio, video, code, or 3D models—rather than classifying or predicting from existing data. Powered by foundation models, generative AI has become the dominant AI category in enterprise adoption since 2023.

A foundation model is a large AI model trained on broad data at scale and adaptable to many downstream tasks through fine-tuning or prompting — the technical substrate beneath most GPAI regulation and modern AI products.

A large language model is a neural network trained on massive text corpora to predict and generate language — the dominant family of general-purpose AI, whose legal profile spans training-data rights, output liability, hallucination risk and GPAI regulation.

The Teknogirişim Rozeti (“Tech-Entrepreneurship Badge”) is an official certification issued by Türkiye’s Ministry of Industry and Technology that identifies technology and innovation-driven ventures, recognizing them for three years and signaling eligibility for a range of state supports, financi…

Unfair prejudice is a legal remedy available to minority shareholders in many jurisdictions when the conduct of a company’s majority shareholders or directors is unfairly harmful to the minority’s interests, allowing court intervention.

In corporate governance, a proxy is the authorization given by a shareholder to another person or entity to vote on their behalf at shareholder meetings, or the document granting such authorization.

A contractor is a business or individual hired to perform specific work under a contract, typically on a project basis, distinct from employees in terms of independence, tax treatment, and benefits.

A zombie fund is a private equity or venture capital fund that has passed its investment period, has poor-performing or illiquid investments, and cannot raise a new fund, leaving LPs unable to exit their positions.