What is incorporation?
Incorporation is the legal process of forming a corporate entity by filing a charter document — a Certificate of Incorporation in Delaware, Articles of Incorporation in most U.S. states, or an Esas Sözleşme in Türkiye — with the relevant registry. Upon incorporation, the entity becomes a separate legal person with its own rights, obligations, perpetual existence and limited shareholder liability.
Incorporation involves selecting the entity form (Delaware C-corp, U.S. LLC, Turkish A.Ş. or Ltd. Şti., etc.), drafting governance documents, appointing initial directors and officers, issuing founder stock, adopting bylaws, obtaining a tax ID (EIN in the U.S., vergi kimlik numarası in Türkiye) and securing required licences.