Anti-dilution protection is a contractual right that adjusts the conversion price of preferred stock when the company issues new shares at a lower per-share price than the original preferred issuance — protecting preferred investors from the economic dilution that would otherwise occur in a “down…

A liquidation waterfall is the ordered sequence by which exit proceeds from a company sale, merger, or liquidation are distributed across stakeholders — typically flowing first to creditors, then through stacked layers of preferred stockholders (by series and seniority), and finally to common sto…

A Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO) is a blockchain-native organizational form in which governance, treasury management, and operational decisions are coordinated through smart contracts and token-weighted voting rather than through traditional corporate hierarchy.

Serviceable Obtainable Market (SOM) is the portion of the Serviceable Available Market (SAM) that a company can realistically capture within a given timeframe. It accounts for the company’s current products, competitive environment, and market reach capabilities.

Serviceable Available Market (SAM) is the segment of the Total Addressable Market (TAM) that your product or service can realistically reach and serve.

TAM, or Total Addressable Market, is a metric used to determine the overall revenue opportunity available for a product or service. Understanding TAM is crucial for businesses of all sizes to assess a market’s potential and strategize their entry or expansion.

A stock option is a contractual right granted by a company to an employee, advisor, or service provider to purchase a defined number of shares at a predetermined price (the “exercise price” or “strike price”) within a defined exercise window.

Private equity (PE) involves investment funds organized as limited partnerships that invest in companies, typically acquiring majority control over business operations. This capital infusion is aimed at improving company performance, driving growth, and achieving high returns on exit.

An angel investor is an individual who provides capital for a business start-up, usually in exchange for convertible debt or ownership equity. These investors are often entrepreneurs or executives who contribute not only their money but also their experience and network.

Seed investment is the initial funding used to start developing a business idea, helping entrepreneurs move from concept to early operational stages. This investment typically supports market research, product development, and initial team building.