{"id":12626,"date":"2026-05-15T05:49:55","date_gmt":"2026-05-15T05:49:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/term\/kara-para-aklamayi-onleme-aml-uyumu\/"},"modified":"2026-05-15T19:05:26","modified_gmt":"2026-05-15T19:05:26","slug":"kara-para-aklamayi-onleme-aml-uyumu","status":"publish","type":"term","link":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/term\/kara-para-aklamayi-onleme-aml-uyumu\/","title":{"rendered":"Kara Para Aklamay\u0131 \u00d6nleme (AML) Uyumu"},"content":{"rendered":"

TLDR:<\/h3>\n

Kara Para Aklamay\u0131 \u00d6nleme (Anti-Money Laundering, AML) uyumu, finansal kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ve di\u011fer d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f i\u015fletmelerin kara para aklama ve ilgili finansal su\u00e7lar\u0131 tespit etmek, \u00f6nlemek ve raporlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 programlar\u0131, s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri kapsar. AML uyumu 11 Eyl\u00fcl’den bu yana kapsam ve uygulamada dramatik olarak geni\u015fledi ve yeni teknolojiler (kripto paralar, dijital varl\u0131klar) ve k\u00fcresel tehditler (yapt\u0131r\u0131mlardan ka\u00e7\u0131nma) ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131k\u00e7a geli\u015fmeye devam ediyor.<\/p>\n

Temel AML Program \u00d6\u011feleri<\/h3>\n

Uyumlu bir AML program\u0131 tipik olarak \u015funlar\u0131 gerektirir: m\u00fc\u015fteri tan\u0131mlama ve KYC<\/a> prosed\u00fcrleri, t\u00fczel ki\u015filer i\u00e7in UBO<\/a> tan\u0131mlamas\u0131 dahil m\u00fc\u015fteri durum tespiti<\/a> (CDD), \u015f\u00fcpheli faaliyet i\u00e7in m\u00fc\u015fteri i\u015flemlerinin s\u00fcregelen izlenmesi, ilgili otoritelere \u015f\u00fcpheli faaliyet raporu (SAR) ba\u015fvurular\u0131 (ABD’de FinCEN, T\u00fcrkiye’de MASAK, Birle\u015fik Krall\u0131k’ta NCA), OFAC<\/a>, AB, BM ve di\u011fer yapt\u0131r\u0131m listelerine kar\u015f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m taramas\u0131, gerekli d\u00f6nemler i\u00e7in kay\u0131t tutma (tipik olarak 5+ y\u0131l), AML g\u00f6revlisi atamas\u0131, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan e\u011fitimi, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z denetim ve prosed\u00fcrleri ger\u00e7ek riske kalibre eden risk tabanl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m.<\/p>\n

AML’ye Tabi Sekt\u00f6rler<\/h3>\n

AML y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri \u015funlara uygulan\u0131r: bankalar ve kredi kurulu\u015flar\u0131 (tarihsel olarak birincil d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f n\u00fcfus), para hizmet i\u015fletmeleri (d\u00f6viz, para transferi), \u00f6deme kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve elektronik para<\/a> kurulu\u015flar\u0131, menkul k\u0131ymet firmalar\u0131 ve yat\u0131r\u0131m dan\u0131\u015fmanlar\u0131, sigorta (hayat ve belirli di\u011ferleri), gayrimenkul (bir\u00e7ok yarg\u0131 yetkisinde, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek de\u011ferli i\u015flemler i\u00e7in), hukuk ve muhasebe profesyonelleri (belirli hizmetler i\u00e7in) ve giderek artan bi\u00e7imde kripto varl\u0131k hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 (AB’de MiCA alt\u0131nda, T\u00fcrkiye’de MASAK d\u00fczenlemesi alt\u0131nda, ABD’de FinCEN rehberi alt\u0131nda geni\u015fleyen).<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrk AML \u00c7er\u00e7evesi<\/h3>\n

T\u00fcrkiye’nin AML \u00e7er\u00e7evesi MASAK (Mali Su\u00e7lar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurulu) taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen 5549 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun (Su\u00e7 Gelirlerinin Aklanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi) ve 6415 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun (Ter\u00f6rizmin Finansman\u0131n\u0131n \u00d6nlenmesi) etraf\u0131nda merkezlenir. Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler finansal kurulu\u015flar, \u00f6deme hizmetleri, d\u00f6viz, gayrimenkul firmalar\u0131, kuyumcular, belirli hizmetler i\u00e7in avukatlar ve kripto varl\u0131k hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 (2025 d\u00fczenlemesinden beri) dahil geni\u015f bir “y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcler” k\u00fcmesine uygulan\u0131r. MASAK raporlamas\u0131, tespit edildikten sonraki 10 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde \u015e\u00fcpheli \u0130\u015flem Bildirimini (\u015e\u0130B) i\u00e7erir. FATF T\u00fcrkiye’yi 2019-2021’de inceledi ve kapsaml\u0131 AML reformlar\u0131na ve 2024’te FATF’in “gri listesinden” \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TLDR: Kara Para Aklamay\u0131 \u00d6nleme (Anti-Money Laundering, AML) uyumu, finansal kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ve di\u011fer d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f i\u015fletmelerin kara para aklama ve ilgili finansal su\u00e7lar\u0131 tespit etmek, \u00f6nlemek ve raporlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 programlar\u0131, s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri kapsar. AML uyumu 11 Eyl\u00fcl’den bu yana kapsam ve uygulamada dramatik olarak geni\u015fledi ve yeni teknolojiler (kripto paralar, dijital varl\u0131klar) ve k\u00fcresel […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-12626","term","type-term","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/term\/12626","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/term"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/term"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12626"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/term\/12626\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13255,"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/term\/12626\/revisions\/13255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12626"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/virconlegal.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12626"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}